Open Travel Guide
History of Amasya

Amasya History & Heritage Guide 2026

A historical companion to Amasya — what happened, where to stand, and what survives.

Amasya has 8+ historical sites covered in this guide, led by Pontic Royal Rock Tombs (Kral Kaya Mezarları), Harşena Castle (Amasya Kalesi) and Sultan Bayezid II Mosque and Külliye (1486). Each entry below includes the practical details — what it costs, when to go, and how to plan around it.

Amasya is a historic city and province in north-central Turkey, set in a dramatic gorge on the Yeşilırmak river beneath the rocky heights of Mount Harşena. Known as the Şehzadeler Şehri, or City of Princes, where Ottoman heirs trained as provincial governors, Amasya is famous for its Pontic royal rock tombs carved into the cliffs, its riverside Ottoman timber mansions, and its sweet apples. The birthplace of the ancient geographer Strabo, it blends Hellenistic, Roman, Seljuk, and Ottoman heritage in one of Turkey's most scenic provincial towns.

Amasya's history spans more than 2,500 years, shaped by successive empires drawn to its strategic river gorge. The city was capital of the Kingdom of Pontus (3rd–1st century BC) under Mithridates I and his successors, who carved their royal tombs into the clifftops of Mount Harşena. The geographer Strabo, born here around 64 BC, described it as the greatest city of Pontus. After Roman conquest (64 BC), it grew into a prosperous provincial centre. The Seljuks seized it in 1075 and built the Gök Medrese; the Ilkhanids ruled from 1243 and left the Bimarhane (1308). Ottoman rule, begun in 1386, brought the city its most celebrated identity: as the Şehzadeler Şehri, City of Princes, where Ottoman heirs served as provincial governors before ascending the throne. The 1486 külliye of Sultan Bayezid II and the Yalıboyu mansion quarter define this era. The modern Republic era began with the pivotal Amasya Protocol of June 1919, where Mustafa Kemal launched the Turkish War of Independence.

Historical timeline

Key moments that shaped Amasya.

  1. 1

    Mithridates I founds the Kingdom of Pontus; Amaseia becomes the royal capital

    302 BC
  2. 2

    Strabo, the celebrated Greek geographer, is born in Amaseia

    ~64 BC
  3. 3

    Pompey the Great defeats Mithridates VI Eupator; Pontus absorbed into the Roman Republic

    64 BC
  4. 4

    Danişmendid Turks capture Amasya from the Byzantines

    1075
  5. 5

    Mongols (Ilkhanids) assert control after the Battle of Köse Dağ

    1243
  6. 6

    Gök Medrese (Blue Seminary Mosque) built under the Seljuks

    1266
  7. 7

    Torumtay Türbesi (tomb) constructed by Seljuk governor Torumtay

    1278
  8. 8

    Darüşşifa / Bimarhane built under the Ilkhanids — one of the world's first psychiatric hospitals

    1308
  9. 9

    Amasya incorporated into the Ottoman Empire under Murad I

    1386
  10. 10

    Sultan Bayezid II builds his great külliye (mosque complex) in Amasya

    1486
  11. 11

    Büyük Ağa Medresesi constructed, the last great Ottoman madrasa in the city

    1488
  12. 12

    Prince Suleiman (later 'the Magnificent') serves as governor of Amasya before his accession

    1519
  13. 13

    The Peace of Amasya signed between Suleiman the Magnificent and Safavid Shah Tahmasp, ending the first Ottoman-Safavid war

    1555
  14. 14

    Hazeranlar Konağı built — the iconic riverside Ottoman mansion now preserved as a museum

    1865
  15. 15

    Atatürk signs the Amasya Circular on 22 June, launching the Turkish War of Independence

    1919
  16. 16

    Foundation of the Turkish Republic; Amasya becomes a provincial capital

    1923

Historical eras

The chapters of Amasya's past.

302–64 BC

Kingdom of Pontus

64 BC – 395 AD

Roman Period

395 – 1075 AD

Byzantine Period

1075 – 1243 AD

Danişmendid and Seljuk

1243 – 1335 AD

Ilkhanid

1386 – 1918 AD

Ottoman Empire – City of Princes

1919

Turkish War of Independence

1923 – present

Turkish Republic

Historical sites

Places where Amasya's past comes alive.

Museums

Curated collections that tell Amasya's story.

Museum

Amasya Museum (Arkeoloji ve Etnografya Müzesi)

Hours: Tuesday–Sunday 08:00–17:00; closed Monday

Admission: ₺80–120 (approx $2–2.50); Müzekart accepted

Museum

Sabuncuoğlu Şerefeddin Museum of History of Medicine

Hours: Tuesday–Sunday 08:00–17:00; closed Monday

Admission: ₺50–80 (approx $1–1.80); Müzekart accepted

Museum

Hazeranlar Konağı Ethnography Museum

Hours: Tuesday–Sunday 08:00–17:00; closed Monday

Admission: ₺50–90 (approx $1–2)

Museum

Amasya Atatürk Museum

Hours: Tuesday–Sunday 08:00–17:00; closed Monday

Admission: ₺40–80 (approx $0.90–1.80); Müzekart accepted

Historical tours

Guided experiences that bring history to life.

Tour

Items tours