Camino Francés — Roncesvalles to Pamplona

The Camino Francés first stage from Roncesvalles to Pamplona covers 46 kilometres of varied Navarrese terrain, beginning at the Real Colegiata de Roncesvalles (Orreaga) at 957 metres elevation in the Pyrenean foothills of Navarre. Most pilgrims divide the stage over two days: a 25-kilometre first day to Zubiri on the Arga River, followed by a 21-kilometre second day into Pamplona. The trailhead is reached by the Conda bus service from Pamplona's main bus station, approximately 1 hour 10 minutes and around €7–9 each way; drivers can park in Pamplona and take the morning bus. No permit is required to walk the route, but pilgrims staying in official albergues must carry a pilgrim credential (credencial del peregrino), obtainable from the Pamplona Pilgrim Office or at the Roncesvalles refugio for a small fee. The waymarked path descends from Roncesvalles through beech and oak forest on packed-earth tracks, transitioning between forest soil, gravel, and short stretches of original Roman road (calzada). The optional Napoleon's Pass alternative climbs to 1,410 metres, offering panoramic views across the Navarrese Pyrenees on clear days; this route is closed in snow or heavy fog. The lower Valcarlos valley route remains the recommended alternative in winter conditions. Key landmarks include the medieval village of Burguete (Auritz), where Hemingway famously lodged; the Alto de Erro pass at 810 metres dividing the Erro and Arga valleys; pilgrim village Larrasoaña with its medieval bridge; Zubiri on the Arga River; the historic bridge at Trinidad de Arre; and entry into Pamplona through the 15th-century Portal de Francia gateway set in the city walls. Shade is substantial in the forest zones but absent on exposed hillside sections and open valley floors. Water sources are plentiful: public fountains appear every 6–10 kilometres as marked on pilgrim maps. Albergue accommodation is available at Burguete, Espinal, Zubiri, Larrasoaña, Arre, and Villava, with municipal hostels charging €10–15 per night. Advance booking is strongly recommended in July and August. Mobile phone signal is generally available from Burguete onward.